Ohio — no mini-FDCPA, no license; CSPA + the S.B. 13 limitations regime

Authority

Ohio has no debt-collection practices act and no collection-agency licensing statute. Three bodies of law do the work:

1. R.C. ch. 1345, the Consumer Sales Practices Act ("CSPA") — Ohio's UDAP statute, enforced by the Attorney General (R.C. 1345.07) and by private action with treble/rescission remedies (R.C. 1345.09). Substantive AG rules live at OAC 109:4-3.
2. R.C. 1319.12 — the only statute aimed squarely at collection agencies: it defines "collection agency," authorizes assignment for suit in the agency's own name, and imposes conditions and a debtor-county venue rule on that suit.
3. R.C. ch. 2305 limitations, comprehensively rewritten by S.B. 13 (134th G.A., eff. June 16, 2021) — which shortened the written-contract period, shortened the unwritten period, created an express consumer-transaction period with a statutory accrual rule, and narrowed the borrowing statute to tort claims only.

Ohio's SOL page is unusual and worth reading closely: unlike most states, which bucket a credit-card account falls into is answered by statute, not case law (R.C. 2305.07(C)), and Ohio is a revival state (R.C. 2305.08) — the opposite of TX/NY/CA.

Verification note: codes.ohio.gov (Ohio Legislative Service Commission) serves the codified text and is directly fetchable; all quotes below were pulled from it on 2026-08-11. The uncodified S.B. 13 transition sections are not codified anywhere — they were pulled from the enrolled bill PDF on the Ohio Legislative Information System (search-prod.lis.state.oh.us), the legislature's own document server.

Operative text

Statute of limitations — written contracts (R.C. 2305.06)

Except as provided in sections 126.301, 1302.98, 1303.16, 1345.10, and 2305.04 of the Revised Code, an action upon a specialty or an agreement, contract, or promise in writing shall be brought within six years after the cause of action accrued. — R.C. 2305.06 (Effective June 16, 2021; Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 13 — 134th General Assembly)

Pending amendment, eff. September 23, 2026 (S.B. 219, 136th G.A.) — the six-year period is unchanged; the amendment only adds one cross-reference to the exception list:

Except as provided in sections 126.301, 1302.98, 1303.16, 1345.10, and 2305.04 and division (B) of section 2305.041 of the Revised Code, an action upon a specialty or an agreement, contract, or promise in writing shall be brought within six years after the cause of action accrued. — R.C. 2305.06, version effective September 23, 2026

R.C. 2305.041 is titled "Action for breach of oil or gas lease or license" — i.e. the new carve-out is an oil-and-gas royalty rule with no debt-collection effect.

Statute of limitations — unwritten, statutory, and consumer transactions (R.C. 2305.07)

(A) Except as provided in sections 126.301 and 1302.98 of the Revised Code, an action upon a contract not in writing, express or implied, shall be brought within four years after the cause of action accrued. (B) An action upon a liability created by statute other than a forfeiture or penalty shall be brought within six years after the cause of action accrued. (C) Except as provided in sections 1303.16, 1345.10, and 2305.04 of the Revised Code, and notwithstanding divisions (A) and (B) of this section, section 1302.98, and division (B) of section 2305.03 of the Revised Code, an action arising out of a consumer transaction incurred primarily for personal, family, or household purposes, based upon any contract, agreement, obligation, liability, or promise, express or implied, including an account stated, whether or not reduced to writing or signed by the party to be charged by that transaction, shall be commenced within six years after the cause of action accrued. For purposes of this division, a cause of action accrues thirty calendar days after the date of the last charge or payment by, or on behalf of, the consumer, whichever is later. — R.C. 2305.07 (Effective June 16, 2021; Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 13 — 134th General Assembly)

Division (C) is the controlling rule for consumer debt. Two mechanics are doing the work:

• Coverage — it reaches any consumer obligation "whether or not reduced to writing or signed," expressly including an account stated. The written-vs-oral fight that decides credit-card SOL in most states does not exist in Ohio.
• Accrual — the clock starts thirty calendar days after the later of the last charge or the last payment, not at default, charge-off, or acceleration.

codes.ohio.gov lists only two versions of R.C. 2305.07 — July 1, 1993 (H.B. 152, 120th G.A.) and June 16, 2021 (S.B. 13). Division (C) was created by S.B. 13 itself; there has been no later amendment.

S.B. 13 transition rules (uncodified — Sections 3, 4, 5 of the act)

SECTION 3. (A) Subject to Sections 4 and 5 of this act, sections 2305.06 and 2305.07 of the Revised Code, as amended by this act, apply to an action in which the cause of action accrues on or after the effective date of this act. (B) Division (B) of section 2305.03 of the Revised Code, as amended by this act, applies retroactively to April 7, 2005, the effective date of S.B. 80 of the 125th General Assembly.

SECTION 4. For causes of action that are governed by section 2305.06 of the Revised Code and that accrued prior to the effective date of this act, the period of limitations shall be six years from the effective date of this act or the expiration of the period of limitations in effect prior to the effective date of this act, whichever occurs first.

SECTION 5. (A) For causes of action that are governed by division (A) of section 2305.07 of the Revised Code that accrued prior to the effective date of this act, the period of limitations shall be four years from the effective date of this act or the expiration of the period of limitations in effect prior to the effective date of this act, whichever occurs first. (B) For causes of action that are governed by division (C) of section 2305.07 of the Revised Code that accrued prior to the effective date of this act, the period of limitations shall be six years from the effective date of this act or the expiration of the period of limitations in effect prior to the effective date of this act, whichever occurs first. — Am. Sub. S.B. 13, 134th G.A. (enrolled), Sections 3–5

The act's effective date is June 16, 2021 (per the LSC effective-date stamp on each amended section). The transition is a "whichever occurs first" cap, not a grandfather:

Bucket	Pre-6/16/2021 accrual is barred on …
R.C. 2305.06 (written)	the earlier of the old 8-year expiry or 2027-06-16
R.C. 2305.07(A) (unwritten)	the earlier of the old 6-year expiry or 2025-06-16 (already passed)
R.C. 2305.07(C) (consumer)	the earlier of the old period's expiry or 2027-06-16

Revival — partial payment or written acknowledgment (R.C. 2305.08)

If payment has been made upon any demand founded on a contract, or a written acknowledgment thereof, or a promise to pay it has been made and signed by the party to be charged, an action may be brought thereon within the time limited by sections 2305.06 and 2305.07 of the Revised Code, after such payment, acknowledgment, or promise. — R.C. 2305.08 (Effective October 1, 1953; Latest Legislation: House Bill 1 — 100th General Assembly)

Note the cross-reference: the restarted clock runs "within the time limited by sections 2305.06 and 2305.07," which includes division (C). Ohio has no anti-revival statute of the kind Texas (Fin. Code §392.307(d)) and New York (CPLR 214-i) enacted.

Negotiable instruments — UCC 3-118 analog (R.C. 1303.16)

(A) Except as provided in division (E) of this section, an action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay a note payable at a definite time shall be brought within six years after the due date or dates stated in the note or, if a due date is accelerated, within six years after the accelerated due date. (B) Except as provided in division (D) or (E) of this section, if demand for payment is made to the maker of a note payable on demand, an action to enforce the obligation of a party to pay the note shall be brought within six years after the date on which the demand for payment is made. If no demand for payment is made to the maker of a note payable on demand, an action to enforce the note is barred if neither principal nor interest on the note has been paid for a continuous period of ten years. … (G) Unless governed by other law regarding claims for indemnity or contribution, any of the following actions shall be brought within three years after the cause of action accrues: (1) An action for conversion of an instrument, an action for money had and received, or a similar action based on conversion; (2) An action for breach of warranty; (3) An action to enforce an obligation, duty, or right arising under this chapter and not governed by this section. — R.C. 1303.16 "Statute of limitations - UCC 3-118" (Effective August 19, 1994)

R.C. 1303.16 is an express exception to both 2305.06 and 2305.07(C), so it governs negotiable notes outright. The period is six years either way, so the practical result matches — but the accrual trigger differs (due date / accelerated due date / demand, rather than the 2305.07(C) last-charge-or-payment rule).

Borrowing statute — narrowed to tort only (R.C. 2305.03)

(A) Except as provided in division (B) of this section and unless a different limitation is prescribed by statute, a civil action may be commenced only within the period prescribed in sections 2305.04 to 2305.22 of the Revised Code. If interposed by proper plea by a party to an action mentioned in any of those sections, lapse of time shall be a bar to the action. (B) No tort action, as defined in section 2305.236 of the Revised Code, that is based upon a cause of action that accrued in any other state, territory, district, or foreign jurisdiction may be commenced and maintained in this state if the period of limitation that applies to that action under the laws of that other state, territory, district, or foreign jurisdiction has expired or the period of limitation that applies to that action under the laws of this state has expired. (C) No action upon a specialty or an agreement, contract, or promise in writing, other than an action described in division (C) of section 2305.07 of the Revised Code, that seeks post-default interest at a rate governed by or provided in the substantive laws of any other state … and in excess of the rate of interest provided by section 5703.47 of the Revised Code, may be commenced and maintained in this state if the period of limitation that applies to that action under the laws of that other state … has expired or the period of limitation that applies to that action under the laws of this state has expired. (D) No action described in division (C) of section 2305.07 of the Revised Code that seeks post charge-off interest at a rate governed by or provided in the substantive laws of any other state … and in excess of the rate of interest provided by section 5703.47 of the Revised Code, may be commenced and maintained in this state if the period of limitation that applies to that action under the laws of that other state … has expired or the period of limitation that applies to that action under the laws of this state has expired. — R.C. 2305.03 (Effective June 16, 2021; Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 13 — 134th General Assembly)

The pre-S.B. 13 text applied to all civil actions:

(B) No civil action that is based upon a cause of action that accrued in any other state, territory, district, or foreign jurisdiction may be commenced and maintained in this state if the period of limitation that applies to that action under the laws of that other state … has expired … — R.C. 2305.03(B), version effective April 7, 2005 (S.B. 80, 125th G.A.)

So S.B. 13 removed contract and debt claims from Ohio's general borrowing statute, retroactive to 2005 (Section 3(B), above). What remains for debt is the narrow (C)/(D) pair, which bites only where the plaintiff seeks out-of-state post-default or post-charge-off interest above the R.C. 5703.47 federal-short-term-rate-plus-3% figure.

Tolling — absence, absconding, concealment (R.C. 2305.15)

(A)(1) Except as provided in division (A)(2) of this section, when a cause of action accrues against a person, if the person is out of the state, has absconded, or conceals self, the period of limitation for the commencement of the action as provided in sections 2305.04 to 2305.14, 1302.98, and 1304.35 of the Revised Code does not begin to run until the person comes into the state or while the person is so absconded or concealed. After the cause of action accrues if the person departs from the state, absconds, or conceals self, the time of the person's absence or concealment shall not be computed as any part of a period within which the action must be brought. — R.C. 2305.15 (Effective October 24, 2024; Latest Legislation: House Bill 179 — 135th General Assembly)

The range "sections 2305.04 to 2305.14" covers 2305.06, 2305.07, and 2305.08.

Entry gate — no license, no registration, no bond

Ohio publishes no collection-agency license. The state's own small-business licensing checklist says so in terms:

There are no state licensing requirements for collection agencies. However, there are regulations. These laws can be found in Ohio Revised Code (ORC) Sections 1319.12 and 1319.16.

Like any other business, collection agencies must comply with the Ohio Consumer's Sales Practices Act. The act prohibits unethical and devious sales practices. For full text, please read ORC Section 1345 — Ohio Small Business Development Center, Collection Agency checklist (NAICS 561440), clients.ohiosbdc.ohio.gov

This is corroborated structurally by R.C. 1319.12(A)(2)(f), which exempts from the "collection agency" definition various licensees under other chapters (R.C. 1321.01, 1321.71, 1321.51, ch. 1322) without ever creating a license for collection agencies themselves.

The one collection-agency statute — R.C. 1319.12

(A)(1) As used in this section, "collection agency" means any person who, for compensation, contingent or otherwise, or for other valuable consideration, offers services to collect an alleged debt asserted to be owed to another. (2) "Collection agency" does not mean a person whose collection activities are confined to and directly related to the operation of another business, including, but not limited to, the following: (a) Any bank … (c) Any retail seller collecting its own accounts; … (B) A collection agency with a place of business in this state may take assignment of another person's accounts, bills, or other evidences of indebtedness in its own name for the purpose of billing, collecting, or filing suit in its own name as the real party in interest. (C) No collection agency shall commence litigation for the collection of an assigned account, bill, or other evidence of indebtedness unless it has taken the assignment in accordance with all of the following requirements: (1) The assignment was voluntary, properly executed, and acknowledged by the person transferring title to the collection agency. (2) The collection agency did not require the assignment as a condition to listing the account … (3) The assignment was manifested by a written agreement separate from and in addition to any document intended for the purpose of listing the account … The written agreement shall state the effective date of the assignment and the consideration paid or given, if any, for the assignment and shall expressly authorize the collection agency to refer the assigned account … to an attorney admitted to the practice of law in this state for the commencement of litigation. … (4) Upon the effective date of the assignment to the collection agency, the creditor's account maintained by the collection agency in connection with the assigned account … was canceled. (D) A collection agency shall commence litigation for the collection of an assigned account, bill, or other evidence of indebtedness in a court of competent jurisdiction located in the county in which the debtor resides, or in the case of co-debtors, a county in which at least one of the co-debtors resides. (E) No collection agency shall commence any litigation authorized by this section unless the agency appears by an attorney admitted to the practice of law in this state. — R.C. 1319.12 (Effective March 23, 2018; Latest Legislation: House Bill 199 — 132nd General Assembly)

Division (D) is a county-level venue rule stricter than FDCPA §1692i, which only requires the correct judicial district.

Fees — check collection charge cap (R.C. 1319.16)

(A) If a collection agency has been designated to collect on a check, negotiable order of withdrawal, share draft, or other negotiable instrument that has been returned or dishonored for any reason, the collection agency may charge and receive check collection charges of not more than thirty dollars or ten per cent of the face amount of the instrument, whichever is greater, and may charge and receive any charge imposed by a financial institution upon the holder of the check … that has been returned or dishonored for any reason. (B) A collection agency that imposes a check collection charge pursuant to division (A) of this section shall send written notice by regular mail to the debtor at the debtor's last known address or at the address shown on the check or other instrument. The notice shall provide the amount of the check collection charge that has been imposed, and shall state that the debtor is responsible for paying the check collection charge as well as the value of the check or other instrument. — R.C. 1319.16 (Effective August 28, 2002)

Attorney-fee shifting is unavailable on consumer paper — the enabling statute excludes it by definition:

(1) "Contract of indebtedness" means a note, bond, mortgage, conditional sale contract, retail installment contract, lease, security agreement, or other written evidence of indebtedness, other than indebtedness incurred for purposes that are primarily personal, family, or household. … (C) A commitment to pay attorneys' fees is enforceable under this section only if the total amount owed on the contract of indebtedness at the time the contract was entered into exceeds one hundred thousand dollars. — R.C. 1319.02(A)(1), (C) (Effective June 29, 2011)

Prohibited practices — the CSPA (R.C. 1345.02)

(A) No supplier shall commit an unfair or deceptive act or practice in connection with a consumer transaction. Such an unfair or deceptive act or practice by a supplier violates this section whether it occurs before, during, or after the transaction. … (C) In construing division (A) of this section, the court shall give due consideration and great weight to federal trade commission orders, trade regulation rules and guides, and the federal courts' interpretations of subsection 45 (a)(1) of the "Federal Trade Commission Act," 38 Stat. 717 (1914), 15 U.S.C.A. 41, as amended. … (G) Without limiting the scope of division (A) of this section, the failure of a supplier to obtain or maintain any registration, license, bond, or insurance required by state law or local ordinance for the supplier to engage in the supplier's trade or profession is an unfair or deceptive act or practice. — R.C. 1345.02 (Effective October 24, 2024; Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 98 — 135th General Assembly)

The scope terms:

(A) "Consumer transaction" means a sale, lease, assignment, award by chance, or other transfer of an item of goods, a service, a franchise, or an intangible, to an individual for purposes that are primarily personal, family, or household, or solicitation to supply any of these things. "Consumer transaction" does not include transactions between persons, defined in sections 4905.03 and 5725.01 of the Revised Code, and their customers, except … ; transactions between certified public accountants or public accountants and their clients; transactions between attorneys, physicians, or dentists and their clients or patients; and transactions between veterinarians and their patients that pertain to medical treatment but not ancillary services. … (C) "Supplier" means a seller, lessor, assignor, franchisor, or other person engaged in the business of effecting or soliciting consumer transactions, whether or not the person deals directly with the consumer. — R.C. 1345.01(A), (C) (Effective October 3, 2023; Latest Legislation: House Bill 33 — 135th General Assembly)

Note that "whether or not the person deals directly with the consumer" is the textual hook that reaches assignees and collectors. The Attorney General states the CSPA governs debt collection:

The federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act and the Ohio Consumer Sales Practices Act protect consumers from abusive, deceptive and unfair debt collection practices. — Ohio Attorney General, Debt Collection FAQs

Remedies, private right of action, AG enforcement (R.C. 1345.09, 1345.10(C))

(A) Where the violation was an act prohibited by section 1345.02, 1345.03, or 1345.031 of the Revised Code, the consumer may, in an individual action, rescind the transaction or recover the consumer's actual economic damages plus an amount not exceeding five thousand dollars in noneconomic damages. (B) Where the violation was an act or practice declared to be deceptive or unconscionable by rule adopted under division (B)(2) of section 1345.05 of the Revised Code before the consumer transaction on which the action is based, or an act or practice determined by a court of this state to violate section 1345.02, 1345.03, or 1345.031 of the Revised Code and committed after the decision containing the determination has been made available for public inspection under division (A)(3) of section 1345.05 of the Revised Code, the consumer may rescind the transaction or recover, but not in a class action, three times the amount of the consumer's actual economic damages or two hundred dollars, whichever is greater, plus an amount not exceeding five thousand dollars in noneconomic damages or recover damages or other appropriate relief in a class action under Civil Rule 23, as amended. … (F) The court may award to the prevailing party a reasonable attorney's fee … if either of the following apply: (1) The consumer complaining of the act or practice that violated this chapter has brought or maintained an action that is groundless, and the consumer filed or maintained the action in bad faith; (2) The supplier has knowingly committed an act or practice that violates this chapter. — R.C. 1345.09 (Effective July 3, 2012)

The CSPA's own limitations period is two years, and it is an express exception to both 2305.06 and 2305.07(C):

(C) An action under sections 1345.01 to 1345.13 of the Revised Code may not be brought more than two years after the occurrence of the violation which is the subject of suit, or more than one year after the termination of proceedings by the attorney general with respect to the violation, whichever is later. However, an action under sections 1345.01 to 1345.13 of the Revised Code arising out of the same consumer transaction can be used as a counterclaim whenever a supplier sues a consumer on an obligation arising from the consumer transaction. — R.C. 1345.10(C) (Effective July 14, 1972)

Judgment dormancy (R.C. 2329.07)

(B)(1) A judgment that is not in favor of the state is dormant and shall not operate as a lien against the estate of the judgment debtor unless one of the following occurs within five years from the date of the judgment or any renewal of the judgment, whichever is later: (a) An execution on a judgment is issued. (b) A certificate of judgment for obtaining a lien upon lands and tenements is issued and filed … (c) An order of garnishment is issued or is continuing … (d) A proceeding in aid of execution is commenced or is continuing. — R.C. 2329.07 (Effective April 6, 2017; Latest Legislation: Senate Bill 227 — 131st General Assembly)

Junior-lien foreclosure notice (R.C. 1349.78)

Ohio's one collection-adjacent notice requirement, narrow to junior residential mortgage liens:

(A) Not less than thirty days prior to a person filing a foreclosure action to collect on a debt secured by residential real property, the person shall first send a written notice as described in division (B) of this section via United States mail to the residential address of the debtor, if both of the following apply: (1) The debt is secured by a mortgage lien on the debtor's residential real property that is not in the first mortgage position. (2) The debt has either been accelerated or is in default in accordance with the terms set forth in the promissory note. (B) The written notice … shall be printed in at least twelve-point type and include the following: (1) The name and contact information of the person collecting the debt; (2) A statement of the amount of the debt; (3) A statement that the debtor has a right to engage an attorney; (4) A statement that the debtor may qualify for debt relief under Chapter 7 or 13 of the United States Bankruptcy Code …; (5) A statement that a debtor that qualifies under Chapter 13 … may be able to protect their residential real property from foreclosure. — R.C. 1349.78 (formerly R.C. 1349.72, renumbered by H.B. 272, 134th G.A.; Effective July 6, 2022)

Call frequency and call-time window — no Ohio rule

Ohio has no state call-frequency cap and no state call-time window. R.C. ch. 1349 (Consumer Protection), R.C. ch. 1319 (Miscellaneous Credit Transactions), and R.C. ch. 1345 (CSPA) were each reviewed section-by-section on 2026-08-11; none contains a contact-frequency or time-of-day restriction on debt collection. The Attorney General's CSPA rules at OAC 109:4-3 contain no debt-collection practices rule — the only similarly-titled rule, OAC 109:4-3-25 "Debt collection agreements," is a mortgage debt-cancellation-product definition:

For purposes of division (B)(11) of section 1345.031 of the Revised Code, "debt collection agreement" means any debt cancellation, deferment, suspension or any similar product coverage (whether or not insurance under applicable law), written in connection with a residential mortgage … — OAC 109:4-3-25 (Effective January 7, 2007)

The federal floor therefore governs: Reg F's 7-in-7 / 7-day-post-conversation presumption (12 CFR 1006.14(b)) and the FDCPA/Reg F 8am–9pm local-time window (15 U.S.C. §1692c(a)(1); 12 CFR 1006.6(b)(1)(i)).

Time-barred debt disclosure — none in Ohio

Ohio imposes no state time-barred-debt disclosure and no state suit bar analogous to Tex. Fin. Code §392.307 or Cal. Civ. Code §1788.14(d). Reg F §1006.26(c)'s prohibition on suing or threatening to sue on time-barred debt is the operative rule.

Plain English

Interpretation — the quotes above win on any conflict.

• Ohio has no license, no registration, and no bond for collection agencies. The entry cost is zero. What Ohio regulates instead is how you sue: R.C. 1319.12 conditions suing on an assigned account, and requires you to file in the debtor's county and appear by an Ohio-admitted attorney.
• There is no Ohio mini-FDCPA. The CSPA is the state hook, and it is a general UDAP statute — it does not enumerate collection practices. Practically, federal law (FDCPA + Reg F) supplies nearly all of the conduct rules in Ohio.
• SOL, the short version: written contract 6 years; unwritten/oral 4 years; consumer transactions (including credit cards) 6 years under an express statute; negotiable notes 6 years under the UCC analog.
• Credit cards are settled by statute in Ohio, not by case law. R.C. 2305.07(C) covers any consumer obligation "whether or not reduced to writing or signed," and expressly includes an "account stated." There is no produce-the-cardholder-agreement fight and no written-vs-open-account bucket problem.
• Accrual is statutory and generous to the creditor: the clock starts 30 calendar days after the later of the last charge or the last payment. It does not start at default or charge-off.
• Ohio is a revival state. Under R.C. 2305.08 a partial payment — or a signed written acknowledgment or promise — restarts a full new period. This is the mirror image of TX/NY/CA. On consumer accounts the effect is doubled: a payment both re-anchors 2305.07(C) accrual and independently triggers 2305.08.
• Ohio's borrowing statute does not reach debt claims. S.B. 13 narrowed R.C. 2305.03(B) to tort actions, retroactive to 2005. A debt that went out-of-stat in another state can still be sued on in Ohio unless it falls in the narrow (C)/(D) out-of-state-interest-rate carve-outs — and 2305.07(C) says it applies "notwithstanding … division (B) of section 2305.03" in any event.
• Old paper is on a hard clock. S.B. 13's transition sections cap pre-6/16/2021 claims at the earlier of the old expiry or the new period measured from 6/16/2021. Written-contract and consumer-transaction claims accruing before that date all die by 2027-06-16 at the latest; the 2305.07(A) unwritten backstop already expired on 2025-06-16.
• Remedies bite. A CSPA violation supports rescission or actual economic damages plus up to $5,000 noneconomic (1345.09(A)); if the practice was already declared deceptive by AG rule or by a court decision in the AG's public inspection file, it supports treble damages or $200, whichever is greater (1345.09(B)). The AG can sue and can intervene in any private action (1345.09(E)).

Traps / edge cases

• The 30-day accrual offset is real and easy to miss. A last-charge date of 2020-03-01 means accrual on 2020-03-31 and expiry on 2026-03-31, not 2026-03-01. Any Ohio SOL math that anchors on the transaction date rather than transaction-date-plus-30 is wrong by a month in the creditor's favor.
• "Last charge OR payment, whichever is later" means a post-default payment moves accrual forward even before any 2305.08 revival analysis. A single $5 payment years into delinquency resets the anchor.
• 2305.08 requires a signature for acknowledgments, but not for payments. A payment alone revives; an acknowledgment or promise must be "made and signed by the party to be charged." Do not treat a recorded phone admission as reviving.
• R.C. 1303.16 outranks 2305.07(C) on negotiable notes. Both are six years, but the accrual trigger differs (due date / acceleration / demand vs. last charge-or-payment). For a demand note with no demand ever made, 1303.16(B) imposes a flat 10-year repose from the last principal or interest payment.
• CSPA's 2-year SOL is a shield without a time limit. Under 1345.10(C) a consumer whose affirmative CSPA claim is stale can still raise it as a counterclaim whenever the supplier sues on the underlying obligation. Suing in year 5 on an Ohio consumer account exposes stale conduct from year 1.
• Venue is county-level, not district-level. R.C. 1319.12(D) is stricter than FDCPA §1692i. Filing in the wrong Ohio county on an assigned account violates state law and is a candidate §1692i violation.
• The assignment paperwork is a suit precondition. R.C. 1319.12(C) requires a separate written assignment agreement reciting effective date and consideration, plus cancellation of the creditor's account with the agency. A contingency-listing agreement that doubles as the assignment does not satisfy (C)(3).
• R.C. 1345.02(G) turns any other licensing failure into a CSPA violation. Ohio does not license collectors, but if a collector needs some other Ohio registration or bond and lacks it, that failure is itself an unfair or deceptive act.
• Medical debt sits in an interpretive gap. R.C. 2305.07(C) uses the phrase "consumer transaction" without incorporating the CSPA definition — and the CSPA definition at 1345.01(A) excludes "transactions between attorneys, physicians, or dentists and their clients or patients." Whether provider debt falls inside 2305.07(C)'s six-year consumer bucket or defaults to 2305.06/2305.07(A) is not resolved by the statutory text and needs attorney review before a tool asserts a medical-debt figure for Ohio. Flagged below.
• R.C. 2305.15 tolling for out-of-state defendants is constitutionally constrained — federal dormant-Commerce-Clause case law has limited its application to nonresidents amenable to Ohio service. UNVERIFIED in this pass (no opinion text fetched); treat any absence-tolling extension as attorney-review territory rather than automatic, as with the TX §16.063 analysis.

Related

• ../federal/fdcpa/overview.md · ../federal/fdcpa/legal-actions.md (§1692i venue — OH is stricter)
• ../federal/reg-f/call-frequency.md · ../federal/reg-f/time-barred-debt.md
• ./tx.md · ./ny.md · ./ca.md · ./fl.md · ./ma.md · ./_matrix.md